The solution was hard to find and quite embarissing.
It was so strange, that I only could connect to the access point, but not to any other clients and not to the A1 modem. I checked all cable connections (it was a dark room). I found out that a black thin ethernet cable was connected in port 1 and 2, creating a loop.
I asked my sister about it and she thought that there is a loose cable that should be connected, but was there for maintainance purposes.