The standard way to test components is to use Karma and Jasmin. They are already preinstalled in every Angular project. You get them by the Angular CLI. Angular also provides a TestBed for testing components and services.
But there are also others frameworks you can use: If you want to write integration tests instead of frontend tests you should use e2e with Protractor. Another solution for integration tests would be Selenium, which is a standard way to test web applications.
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Thank you, i also stumbled across the question what is the best way to test an angular frontend. For my purposes i went with Karma and Jasmine which worked fine.